[18-19]
Monoskop – main movements
Gilbert Simondon
Gilbert Simondon criticized Norbert Wiener’s theory of cybernetics, arguing that, “Right from the start, Cybernetics has accepted what all theory of technology must refuse: a classification of technological objects conducted by means of established criteria and following genera and species.” Simondon aimed to overcome the shortcomings of cybernetics by developing a “general phenomenology” of machines.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Simondon#Individuation_and_technology
artificial intelligence and cybernetics
[46-47]
myslim via ten slovensky vedec co pise o um.inteligencii
Gerovitch – Cyberspeak
[89, 87]
good summary of soviet cybernetics 50s-60s